Over-extrusion

Bulging walls, a rough or ridged top surface, and outer dimensions measuring oversized.

blobbyrough top surfacedimensions too bignozzle plowing

Causes, most likely first

Ordered by how often each is actually responsible, not by how interesting it is. Work down the list.

Run the flow cube and calculate it: new_flow = old_flow × (target / measured).

Measure the real diameter at five points and average. Entering 1.75 when the filament is 1.70 over-extrudes by about 6%.

Recalibrate e-steps before touching flow — flow tuned on wrong e-steps is a compensating error.

Abrasive filament widens a brass nozzle over time. Replace it, and use hardened steel for anything filled.

Open First Layer →
The app walks this in order, generates the test model for your nozzle and filament, and records what you measure so nothing has to be repeated. Free, no account, works offline.